U.S. Federal Charges for Cannabis Trafficking Hit All-Time Low

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The number of federal charges for cannabis trafficking has hit an all-time low, according to data from the U.S. Sentencing Commission. Last year, the federal government charged fewer than 500 people for trafficking cannabis, a 93% decline in such arrests since 2012.

According to the commission report, the average sentence imposed for federal drug trafficking crimes was 82 months. The majority of federal drug trafficking charges were for methamphetamine (45.7%), followed by fentanyl (22%), powder cocaine (19.4%), crack cocaine (3.8%), and heroin (3.3%). Just 2.6% of federal drug cases involved cannabis.

Individuals charged with offenses involving methamphetamine received the longest prison sentences – 100 months. Those charged with fentanyl-related offenses received 76-month sentences; 68 months was the average sentence for crack cocaine charges; 66 months was the average sentence for heroin; 64 months was the average sentence for powder cocaine; and 36 months was the average sentence for cannabis-related charges.

The report found that nearly half of individuals sentenced for drug trafficking were Hispanic (45%), followed by Black (28%), and White (24%) but racial demographics varied by the type of drug involved in the offense: Hispanic individuals were the most common racial group sentenced for powder cocaine and heroin trafficking offenses (72% and 58%, respectively), while Black individuals were the most common racial group in crack cocaine trafficking offenses (77%).

Almost all of the 18,281 drug cases reported to the Sentencing Commission involved the manufacture, sale, or transportation of a drug.

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Virginia Gov. Vetoes Bill to Create Adult-Use Cannabis Market

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Virginia Gov. Glenn Youngkin (R) on Monday vetoed legislation to establish regulations to implement an adult-use cannabis industry in the state. In his veto message, Youngkin cited “adverse effects on children’s health and safety,” the “failures” of states that have adult-use markets, and concerns about increased crime and psychiatric disorders.

“The proposed legalization, which was vetoed last year, would establish the framework for retail marijuana, which endangers Virginians’ health and safety. States following this path have seen adverse effects on children’s and adolescent’s health and safety, increased gang activity and violent crime, significant deterioration in mental health, decreased road safety, and significant costs associated with retail marijuana that far exceed tax revenue. It also does not eliminate the illegal black-market sale of cannabis, nor guarantee product safety.” — Youngkin in HB2485 veto message

In his veto message, Youngkin cites state data from the Blue Ridge Poison Control Center, which has reported an 85% increase in minors overdosing on cannabis-infused edibles since the Commonwealth legalized cannabis possession in 2021. The governor also points to the proliferation of unregulated sales in California and Colorado, which he claims “fuels gang activity, drives violent crime, and undermines public safety.”

“The financial and societal burdens of legalization have left state governments worse off than before,” the governor wrote in the veto message, “proving that commercialized cannabis is a failed experiment with devastating consequences.”

In a statement, Delegate Paul Krizek, chief patron of the House version of the retail sales bill, said the governor “has once again failed the citizens of Virginia by allowing an already thriving illegal cannabis market to persist, fueling criminal activity and endangering our communities.”

“He had the opportunity to safeguard Virginians,” Krizek said, “but instead this will only exacerbate the proliferation of illicit products, posing greater risks to our schools and public safety.”

Youngkin vetoed similar legislation last session.

The governor also vetoed a bill that would have protected the parental rights of adults who lawfully possess or consume cannabis in accordance with state law. In the veto message for HB2613, Yougkin said the legislation “disregards clear evidence linking substance use to child endangerment, particularly in the wake of increased incidents of children ingesting cannabis-infused substances following the legalization of marijuana.”

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Ohio Cannabis Sales Surpass $2.5B, Led by Adult-Use Sales

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Cannabis sales in Ohio have surpassed $2.5 billion, driven by adult-use sales in the state, according to Division of Cannabis Control (DCC) data outlined by WCMH. More than $390 million of that total is from adult-use cannabis sales over the past seven months.

According to the DCC, two-thirds of all cannabis sales in Ohio since August have been non-medical.

Adult-use cannabis sales in the state are subject to a 10% excise tax, which equates to $37.6 million in cannabis-derived tax revenues for the state this year alone. According to a study conducted by Ohio State University’s Mortiz College of Law, the state could collect around $62 million in tax revenues from adult-use cannabis sales by the end of the year.

In all, 36% of tax funds generated by cannabis sales – or about $13.5 million – are supposed to be designated for municipalities that host cannabis businesses; however, officials are withholding the funds claiming that the voter-approved law did not include the appropriation of funds to towns and cities. A representative for Gov. Mike DeWine (R) has indicated that the withheld funds will be used to improve local jails, fund the 988 behavioral crisis hotline, and for law enforcement.

Ohio lawmakers are also considering changes to the voter-approved reforms, including scrapping the Host Community fund entirely or capping how much communities could earn.

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Highly Enlightened: Bryan Gerber, CEO at Hara Supply

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In this episode of Highly Enlightened, host Jon Purow connects with Bryan Gerber, the founder and CEO of HARA Supply, a supplier of custom preroll cones and packaging. HARA Supply spans 15 facilities with over 4,000 personnel based in India, along with HQ office and warehouse located in Las Vegas, NV. They currently produce over a billion pre-rolled cones per year for some of the cannabis industry’s largest entities.

Gerber is also the founder and CEO of HARA Brands, a four-time inc. 5000 company, which includes: Hemper, the largest subscription business in the cannabis industry with more than 1 million boxes sold, as well as Hemper Tech and Goody Glass, providing high quality smoking accessories and related products.

Listen to the episode below or wherever you get your podcasts — you can find more episodes of Highly Enlightened on Buzzsprout.


Listen to the episode:


Episode sponsored by eBottles

This episode of Highly Enlightened is made possible by eBottles. If you’re in the cannabis business, you know that quality packaging isn’t just important—it’s essential. That’s where eBottles comes in. Whether you’re just starting out or scaling up, eBottles offers proprietary top-of-the-line packaging products built for cannabis. eBottles is a market leader for a good reason: they are experts in the field. Six patents, five warehouse locations around the country, a network of exceptional distributors. Get eBottles and Grow Boldly.


Read the Transcript:

Note: this transcript was automatically generated and may contain errors.

Jon Purow:

Welcome to an interview episode of Highly Enlightened, I’m your host, John Purow. Now, before we get to a very, very exciting interview, I want to note that any views I express are my own now as I always like to do, and most of the time it’s successful. I want to do a quick prayer to the video chat. Gods may. Our wifi connections be sturdy. All dogs and children, they’re around remain quiet and may Amazon Prime another time. Amen. Now I have the pleasure of introducing Brian Gerber, the CEO of HARA Supply, a major player here in the industry. And I just want to first say thank you for taking the time out of your busy schedule to join me for this joint endeavor, pun intended.

Bryan Gerber:

Thanks for having me on, John. I appreciate it. Looking forward to chatting about the industry today.

Jon Purow:

Yes. And for those unfamiliar, I do just want to note that Harris Supply is the largest manufacturer of cannabis cones and combustibles in the world. And you produce a hundred million plus cones monthly, which means that you produce over a billion per year. Which leads me to my first always incredibly serious question. Do you enjoy being able to say that you sell 1 billion items per year? Because that is an amazingly large round number. Is there any enjoyment that you get in being able to say it, and do you do it with accents or impersonations?

Bryan Gerber:

I reserve the doctor evil impersonation for my closest confidants, but no, it is pretty cool to say that we produce over a billion cones a year and products alike. I think a lot of people don’t realize the scale of millions, two billions and what type of infrastructure and setup that really entails.

Jon Purow:

Got it. So look, all of us came from somewhere before the cannabis industry being the age that it is. So I’m curious to know, out of all the experiences that you went through, skills that you built up prior to the cannabis industry, which did you think has been most instrumental or useful in your leadership role at Harris Supply?

Bryan Gerber:

So I’m one of the fortunate ones that never had a career before this industry. I graduated to university and then went straight into the startup world. But I can tell you persistence and tenacity.

Jon Purow:

Yes. As a parent of girls, I read all my self-improvement articles. They always say that if there’s going to be a determination of success and or happiness, persistence, stick to itness is what you want to roll with so much, right. If at first you don’t succeed, try again. Or if at first you don’t succeed, get high again. Right. There’s got to be some pop pun option that we could come to, so. Got it. So you are one of the lucky few that was born straight into this industry professionally and we’re able to kind of succeed with it. So now being a leader and in the lofty perch, the pop perch that you’ve reached, what advice would you give to other leaders in the cannabis industry? What tips would you put out there?

Bryan Gerber:

Yeah, so in terms of startup world culture, I think the bootstrapping and cash management is a major topic and something that I think a lot of startups that I invest in or do angel investing in, I just preach all day. Cash is king. Focus on managing the cash, lower the burn as fast as possible and try to get to cashflow positive. I think that’s definitely one of the biggest ones because it’s necessary to keep alive and keep the lights on. And I think a lot of people in our industry thought that it was going to kind of be big tech where we can raise unlimited funds and keep going and burn this guy to rob Paul, to pay Peter to pay Sally to that type of thing. So I think that’s definitely a big thing. And I think a lot of other things that I say revolve around finding revenue streams.

Go figure it out. I think a lot of new industries, there’s a lot of rocks that go unturned, and I say turnover every rock because you never know what pot of gold might be under that. And I think for us as horror supply kind of morphing from the paraphernalia, smoking accessories world to getting into this massive pre-roll solutions partner behemoth company, it really showed that we started in one lane and then figured out many more revenue streams to keep the business growing. And I think now looking back, hindsight bias, obviously 2020, I think to really build a big business, you need multiple revenue streams.

Jon Purow:

So look, you stick in a lane, but I think flexibility and also as you said, the vision to expand as you are growing, to continue having money coming in the door. Yeah. I found it funny the way that you were saying cash is king. People might forget that, and there’s plenty of attrition in the industry that we see all the time in terms of people who forget fundamental items like that.

Bryan Gerber:

Yes. I get surprised every day hearing a new story about took money, bought a Ferrari, bought an apartment. I’m like, why can’t I be like that?

Jon Purow:

Well, you could be like that now because you’ve earned the right to be right, but not, it’s not necessarily a requirement. Ferrari, I would say for most startup companies if I’m correct, since I’m just on the service industry side of it. But yeah, I don’t think it’s a requirement.

Bryan Gerber:

Exactly.

Jon Purow:

Yeah, I always have little things pop in my brain. By the way, here’s a slogan for you. We supply what gets you high. There you go. Boom. All right. That’s a freebie for you. I’m sure you have something like that. Now in your time in the industry, what would you say that I always like to focus on? What are some of the biggest surprises at this point? It’s not surprising, as you said, when you hear stories about wonderful ways that people have crashed and burned outside the industry. But what are some of the biggest surprises to you from where you

Bryan Gerber:

Sit? Yeah, for sure. I think one of the biggest surprises, not just from poor leadership that I see in the industry, but the turnover is insane. I mean, the roles get replaced every other week, especially on our side of the business development. You’re sitting there for 90 days going through custom sampling, tooling, all different types of stuff, and you get to the finish line where we’re about to go put the order in and that person gets fired and you’re like, oh no. Okay, now I got it. And then Sally picks it up and she’s like, I have no idea why we’re even here today. I’m like, well, we were working with Joey for nine months and Joey’s no longer there. So Sally, you’re here picking up the pieces. Let me kind of break it down for you. So I think turnover has been one of the biggest pain in the butts in this industry and surprises, another surprise is just how much people can raise and spend in a very short amount of time.

It’s quite intriguing, I guess I’ve seen it. We do a lot of the big MSOs, we deal with a lot of the processors, and I think just some of these guys are able to just continuously raise funds and keep raising and it’s like, where’s the light at the end of the tunnel? For us, we raised three and a half million dollars back in 2018, 2019, and we’ve been cashflow positive since. And so for us it’s a different kind of story of where we didn’t go out and raise tens of millions of dollars, hundreds of millions of dollars. So I think that’s another one is doing a lot with a little bit. And a lot of people seem to have a lot and can’t figure out how to do a little you. But I would say those are probably the two biggest surprises that I’ve come across in this industry.

Jon Purow:

Are there processes that you put into place to streamline having to deal with someone new outside of forwarding the old email chain? Is there anything you’ve done to get accustomed to the fact that there is such frequent turnover?

Bryan Gerber:

I’ve really tried nurturing C-suite relationships so that regardless who ends up becoming the buyer or the supply chain person I’m friendly with, the person at the top

Jon Purow:

Has seemed to. And I think that that touches upon something. There is something in my mind completely unique about how collegial the cannabis industry is, and I’ve always tried to put my finger on it. And I don’t know if it comes all the way back to the puff puff past mentality that sharing is ingrained as part of the culture, but I’m curious to know if you agree, right, and how important relationships can be in this industry.

Bryan Gerber:

Yeah, no, I think this goes back to my early days of being an entrepreneur where everyone’s like, oh, I need you to sign an NDA to talk to you, or if I give you my idea, then you’re just going to steal it from here. And I realized if you sit in a room by yourself telling yourself your own ideas, it never helps anyone or yourself. And so this industry specifically, I feel like when you get into a C-suite room, people are talking about what’s working, what’s not working, what have you guys tried, whatever else. But I think a lot of that core initial gray market guys are still very close to the chest. They don’t share resources or secrets or whatever it is. But I think a lot of the companies that we sit with where we’re like, they’re like, well, we want to implement automation. And we say, well, great, we know Festus, we know pre-roll or we know accelerant, we know all these guys. Here’s all the offerings, here’s all the information. Do with what you will. I’m not here to make the decision for you, but I can offer optionality. And so I think that’s been a lot of the side where, to your point, the pup past. But I think it’s the specific rooms are willing to communicate, but I don’t think it’s the whole market is ready to open up the Komodo and say, this is how we do it.

Jon Purow:

Yeah, I like to say there’s a difference between the can tenderers and the pret pretenders. And to a certain extent, I feel like people who are newer to the industry don’t understand that collegiality exists and are therefore more skeptical. And some of these folks that are coming in from the illicit market, they’re used to being cloak and dagger can a cloak and dagger in the illicit market. And so it’s a process before they realize that they can open up and there are things that happen, but I think in general there’s just something unique about this industry in terms of that. By the way, how much do you, so first off, as I always like to say, my favorite pop pun being a Jewish guy Mar Wof on having one raise and then being able to just continuously expand to where you are. Do you think that that’s a function of being the pick axis in the industry versus plant touching when it comes down to it that partially played how that played out?

Bryan Gerber:

So I think on first off, why raise more money than you need? You’re just going to dilute yourself. And so that’s 1 0 1 for founders, but at this point, we’re the original founders still own majority equity. We control the board, we’re fully autonomous. We basically get to wake up and work with our best friends every day. So it’s a different setup than I think a lot of people get themselves into, which is a loan to own set up with a lot of these companies and they don’t realize what they’re signing on or they’re signing away. And when one thing goes wrong, we’re coming in, you’re out and we’re going to restructure this thing. For us, we feel like we’re the experts, we know how to drive the ship properly. And I feel like if I got replaced or my other co-founders got replaced, I don’t even know if the company would survive.

So for us, I think on the picks and shovels side, of course I’d love to see a he pre-roll on the shelf one day. But for us, I realized that the customers are the MSOs. It’s an input play. If you’re selling them cones, okay, let’s go to tubes next, let’s go to Blunts, let’s go to glass tip cones, whatever the input is, it’s really just create a great service, have great customer service, deliver time and time again, people will keep coming back. And there’s been so many, getting back to that, finding revenue opportunities is a lot of our customers come to us and say, Hey, you guys did so great with this, can you do this? And we figure out how to do it for them. And so I think a lot of people are just tired of getting burned and the turnover and dealing with multiple different supply chain sources and not really having a centralized location or someone they can actually trust that can deliver. Because before us, I’ll give you an example, Jeter Dream Fields, their first orders with us were like 10,000 cones. You see the volume Jeter does today. And so it’s nurturing the customer whether they’re at the start or the end, and we can come in no matter what part of the journey you’re on, and really fix issues or solidify that infrastructure and get you exactly what you need when you need it.

Jon Purow:

Got it. So now one thing that you touched upon is that you are also, in terms of another hat that you wear, a high hat, oh man, I got to restrain it. The pop puns are just always trying to spill out, but you’re also the CEO and founder of Howard Brands and you referenced Hemper. So if you could just give us a little bit of an intro to that, I think that might be helpful for the audience

Bryan Gerber:

For sure. So I’ll do long story short. So company started in 2015 originally on the smoking accessory side, which we started a brand called Hemper, which was a direct to consumer subscription box, kind of like Dollar Shave Club for stoners.

And we morphed that into kind of this celebrity curated box where it was like smoke like Snoop Dogg for a month, about a year and a half doing that. We kind got away from the celebrities and started moving more into our own proprietary themed and we realized that the subscription box was our Trojan horse marketing outlet for developing new smoking accessories. And so what we figured out was that this was our paid test market for us to go design, develop, and implement new products that made your ritual better. And so Hemper has now become an international brand. We’re sold in about 55 countries. We’ve serviced over 2 million customers in the last decade. We’ve got one of the largest social media followings and we’ve got over 500 different products that we’ve developed. And so with Hemper, a lot of the new initiatives for growth have been getting smoking accessories into convenience stores.

So like Mass Market seven 11, circle K, we’ve been doing a lot of international shows. I was telling you before we were at the Mary Jane Berlin, which ended up being like 50,000 consumers and B2B, B2C focused folks from Germany and all the surrounding countries. And so there’s a lot going on internationally. Germany went legal, we’re going to Czech Republic for another show here in a couple months, which they’re probably going to be the next country to go more fully legal. And so I think that domino effect has really rebirth Europe, I think not just, oh, look at what’s going on in North America. It’s legal here. I think now Europe is starting that domino effect for where we kind of picked up a lot of steam over the last five years.

Jon Purow:

Yeah, I mean as I like to say, you have a trailblazer in each geographic region, which is unfortunately why one reason what’s happening in Thailand is where they legalize and then exploded and they’re pulling back is something that I feel is almost like I say, like a golden nugget, not getting enough attention that it could be, that’s not something that’s really happened in the industry before.

Bryan Gerber:

I dunno if you saw today or yesterday the prime Minister got kicked out.

Jon Purow:

Well, no. So thank you for breaking news. I live in my cannabis bubble and I had not checked my podcast news aggregator so hot off the presses whenever we release this interview. I mean, I actually no lukewarm off the presses to possibly a little bit cooler off the presses, but interesting. I did not see that. So that could be an interesting change in the winds there.

Bryan Gerber:

We have a lot of customers in Thailand and they basically told us that now that he’s, so he got kicked out for fraud or something, so now, and he was the one opposing all the cannabis laws, and so now they think it’s going to go back to normal or even be more prolific. And so a lot of our customers, there’re actually ordering now so that in Anticip they’ll have it on hand.

Jon Purow:

Got it. That’s very, very cool. The thing, the overarching thing for me is I feel like ultimately convenience wins. I feel like it’s how Amazon won and I feel like we see as the different sectors looking at the data, how things grow, things like pre-rolls and everything. Do you feel that convenience wins out in cannabis? And that’s, I mean look, you talk about convenience in terms of people being able to come to you at any time and get what they want and to also even when that includes innovation. But I’m curious to know your thoughts about trends towards convenience and how you guys cater to that.

Bryan Gerber:

Yeah, definitely. So on the convenience side, obviously just taking apart the pre-roll category, I think it’s 10 to 15% here roughly. It’s roughly closer to 20% in Canada. And I think what, just taking from the tobacco cigarette industry, that is the most convenient method for consuming tobacco. I think the pre-roll segment is developing at a rapid pace now than previous. It was. I think that’s from a lot more automation in play, availability of cones and providers like myself, our supply, more solutions, partner approaches as well. I think a lot of these companies are trying to get away from the monkey see monkey do act and try and come out their own unique innovative products. And our pitch is really, Hey, let us help you figure out what your Coca-Cola is. We know you don’t know what it is yet, but we’ll walk down the path with you.

And so I think on the convenience factor, the rise of multi-packs is kind of the new 30 rack when we were in college or high school. It’s like I want to go hang out with my buddies. I’m bringing 14 joints with me. It’s all in one pack and I don’t have to figure out who’s smoking what. Everyone gets their own. And especially post covid era, that’s what’s been happening a lot more. Point two five, 0.35 gram joints, you show up with 5, 10, 15 of them and all your buddies get to smoke their own. And I think the micro consumption methods are becoming way more prevalent now. And I think that whole can of curious world is definitely exponentially increasing. So I think the people that want 0.15 or 10 times a day are now coming out more because of the availability of the products. And the people that want to smoke one gram once a day aren’t really the customer anymore. And so now we’re appealing to obviously GTI one of our large clients, they’ve got the dog walkers brand, which is very popular. And I think that’s kind of what the future is for consumption and convenience is really just these, what is the 10 pack, what is the 14 pack? So I can interchange strains, but the mode and the medium is still that microdose joint.

Jon Purow:

I think that raises an interesting question. So we’re talking about, so it’s interesting, right? There are certainly when we talk about the kind of curious, there are folks who are going to put their foot down and they’re never going to smoke or anything like that. However, that begins to shift. And it’s interesting, we’re talking about the puff puff pass mentality and in a post covid world, there’s a movement, something like that, that everyone gets their individualized thing. And the joint experience, pun always intended is that everyone’s sitting having their own joint. And so as you’re saying, the counter curious could get a little bit more open to smoking when what they’re smoking is getting smaller and smaller. And it’s also funny because when you’re passing around something that’s big, you’re only having a certain little amount, but it’s very, very different when you’re actually just holding something tinier psychologically that people who wouldn’t necessarily smoke previously might be open to doing. So when they see, oh, I’m not going to get that messed up, it’s only this little thing I’m in control entirely of how much I’m smoking of it.

Bryan Gerber:

And I think another factor is just the taste and flavor profile of a smaller pre-roll, right? You’re getting better flavor. Most of the hits to get to the finish line are fresh hits. When you’re smoking a one gram joint, you’re smoking this thing, but by 25% of the way through it kind of just tastes like shit. And a lot of people want to move on and I get why. Right? So the rise of this multi-pack micro dose 0.25, I’ve seen all the way down to 1.5 gram joint. We do a brand called Piners up in Canada, tiniest, it’s more paper than cannabis.

Jon Purow:

The podcast proud to be sponsored by Ebos. If you’re in the cannabis business, that quality packaging isn’t just important. It’s essential. That’s where Ebos comes in, whether you’re just starting out or scaling up. Ebos offers proprietary top of the line packaging products built for cannabis. Ebos is the market leader for a good reason. They’re experts in the field, six patents, five warehouse locations around the country and a network of exceptional distributors. So get ebos and grow boldly. Got it. I just came up with bitty blunts, right? There’s a mini blunt brand name right there that we could throw out there. So I’m also curious to know in terms of the innovation that you’re seeing are people, and we have the for the curious, there’s catering and other product categories that ties to effects based. Are you seeing different things in terms of what’s being mixed in terms of effects based and that’s another place of innovation or not necessarily as much?

Bryan Gerber:

Yeah, no. On the pre-roll side for innovation, I would say connoisseur fused market really has taken off over the last few years. I think people realize that adding in a little bit of whether it’s water hash rosin, I’m not the fan of Keith, whatever it is, really does pack that punch, right? And I think for the consumer that’s looking for more of a higher THC level that does get that across for them when they’d have to smoke two or three regular joints to really get the same feeling. And then I think another trend that’s been coming up is more premium. So ceramic filter tips on it, glass filter tips, wood filter tips, those types of things, which we’ve been really dishing out to a lot of companies recently. And also on the not tobacco alternative, but a hemp blunt as well. So we do a product for Eazy called the Eazy forties, which is like a glass tip hemp blunt, and people love it. It smokes awesome. The glass tip is a really elevated experience and to ceramic and glass, the touch is cool. So as you’re smoking it actually feels cooler than it is smoking a regular joint with a paper filter tip.

Jon Purow:

Yes, having experienced it firsthand is completely different and better my opinion in terms of that aspect of it. So that’s I think a great insight. Are there other types of innovation that you’re seeing in other categories that you touch upon in anything? So by the way, just to be clear in terms of the premium that you’re saying that comes down to the plant that’s going into it, that this what a limited release kind of vibe of a specific strain is what you’re referring to with that one.

Bryan Gerber:

I think as consistently growing cannabis, the same strain all the time is very difficult. I know it doesn’t exist actually. Exactly. So I think that a lot of companies are trying to get that across where I can have my cookie strain all the time. It’s the same levels, it’s the same. TURP profiles doesn’t really exist. So I think a lot of these brands, and this could just be kind of a marking ploy. When I was living in California, Lowell Farms used to do these limited edition packs and my business partner would be like, dude, that’s just excess inventory that they put into a multi-pack that’s not limited edition. They didn’t have enough cannabis to fill all these packs as this one strain. So they did a multi-strain box. And I’m thinking as the consumer, wow, this is really cool. I get one strain times 10, I get 10 different strains in this box, that’s really cool.

And I’m basically drinking the Kool-Aid on the marketing. And so you don’t really know whether it was purposeful or they were fixing a problem or things like that. But in terms of innovation, I think in other categories, I think really fast onset edibles are really important because I think the time delay one confuses consumer. I don’t know how to operate whether can I get out of my chair yet or is the ride about a start? And so I think the two milligram or the five milligram little mince or whatever, I think 1907 or 19 33, 1 of those companies does it pretty well.

Jon Purow:

1906,

Bryan Gerber:

Yeah, 1906. Yeah. And so that I think is really important because I think people get overdosed on edibles really quickly and they don’t realize the onsets coming and they don’t know when. So I think,

Yeah, so n emulsification, all that type of stuff is really important and I think that’s why people go towards edibles. And the more microdose side is because it’s more controllable. And I know that I’m not going to get obliterated today, but in terms of bulk flour, I mean there’s not much innovation besides crazy looking bags on vape carts. I think that’s still very much a repurposed market. I don’t think anyone has really developed new technology that really takes it to the next level. I saw recently a company came out with a disposable rosin device where you can put maybe 0.25 of rosin in it. But I was looking at the device and as a rozen user myself, I was like, okay, if I reheat that pen twice, I’m smoking poop like dirt basically, right? Terpenes are burnt off by then I’m not getting any flavor and it kind of tastes like shit. So I think a lot of the innovation has still escaped this market, but I think a lot of the nerdy science cannabis guys are figuring out if we tweak this, we can get a better plan and maybe better genetics or we can get rid of some of the bad parts of this plan through tissue cultures and that type of innovation. But I think in terms of the end product, people are still trying to figure it out,

Jon Purow:

Agree. And I do respect the good marketing thing and no matter how it’s motivated, he said as he took his sip out of a Stanley Cup that one of his daughters bought rather than a construction worker. There we go. Actually, I want to go back to the innovation thing because I was impressed by something you said that a lot of people are focused on it or having their own, I guess, customized, right? I’m curious to know in terms of the folks that are looking for those, and you said Hemper was this amazing almost market research tool, you’re up to offering 500 different products. Is there a demographic that you see the people who want customization or the people who want innovation? Is it the big folks? Is it the brand new folks trying to establish a foothold that are actually thinking ahead? I’m curious to know how that breaks down.

Bryan Gerber:

So from an MSO perspective, I think they’re just trying to get the wheels turning in a consistent manner. I don’t think they’re trying to complicate their business any more than it already is. So when we pitch innovation on the pre-roll side to them, they kind of don’t know what to do with it yet. And I’d have to fight really hard to get this across the table. When you look at more of those SSO operators that are going into more of the key strategic markets that are brand focused, they’re the ones that are looking for the innovation, right? Because I think those are owned by more of the heady owners or kind of the old school cannabis 1.0 guys. And I think that they’re the ones looking for the innovation. I think the MSOs are just looking to create a quality product that’s really consistent and it’s on the shelf all the time, which is kind of the Walmart method and guys like Jeter and Sneezy and those brands are really truly looking for the innovation. And I think that’s what’s going to keep the social proof aspects of them being more popular than another MSO brand is that kind of grassroots like, oh, we’re developing new stuff or we got these new strain flavors or new terpene profiles or whatever it is. So I think those are the guys that are looking for it. I think the are really just looking to stay consistent, have product available and fix all their issues.

Jon Purow:

Yeah, no, and I think that that makes sense because there’s so many brands there. Everyone is trying to be the national brands, arguably only one has crossed over at this point. And so if you’re competing in this kind of stoner slaughterhouse of brands, innovation is one path. Marketing is another path to differentiating yourself. So it makes sense, as you said, right? They’re not trying to be the Walmart, they’re trying to stick out and last. So I think that that makes a lot of sense. Now, I always like to geek out, I’m trying to be the Dan historic, the most ganja geek that, and I always like to ask my interviewees who have access to different types of data, what are surprises that you see in the data? What are trends that you are seeing that you’re comfortable sharing from your position in the industry?

Bryan Gerber:

One thing that continuously surprises me is how much distillate cartridges are sold in this country. I don’t know who’s using them. I mean I know who’s using them, but I mean it’s like poop soup and a cartridge. And there’s companies that are doing 2, 3, 4, 500 million a year selling distillate in carts or vapes or whatever. And I just don’t understand it. I don’t think consumers really understand it, what they’re smoking. And even in markets like Nevada where we’re using remediation tactics to get rid of microbials and heavy metals and all this stuff, and we’re reintroducing it back into the market in edibles and carts and cards and it’s like something doesn’t sound all right here, but yeah, one of the biggest ones is how much distillate product is sold in this country.

Jon Purow:

Sorry, I didn’t mean to interrupt, but I agree with you. It’s when you’re dealing with the end consumer, we speak this language so well, having been in it so long that everything just becomes secondhand. And yet when interacting with people out there and trying to tell them about the difference between hemp products and state licensed products, they have no idea. The question I get more than anything for consumers is why can I buy that in a gas station? And it just shows that there’s this level of not knowing that is surprising. And I just think that that’s a function of familiarity to a certain extent. The people like us who are constantly dealing with this, and it’s like the same thing where you’re talking and you use acronyms with an assumption that people are going to understand and there’s that base level of standing that sometimes isn’t there. Not to say that we were doing that at all in this conversation, but it’s just an example of how you literally start speaking a specific language with baseline knowledge. And it’s crazy when you see that people are just, the major consumers out there are not anywhere near that level of understanding

Bryan Gerber:

The whole trend that’s been going on in our country about don’t use seed oils anymore. That’s basically distillate people

Jon Purow:

We’re pulling back the layer. We just did a maram Uck raking thing, right? Brian’s news flash, right? So all consumers out there,

Bryan Gerber:

And I think to your point about the D eight stuff that’s going on, I think that’s a big conversation that I was having at Benzinga about six months ago was the dispensaries. I don’t know if they even realize if they don’t have their merchandising proper, they don’t have product on the shelves, they’re losing the sale to the smoke shop around the corner or the gas station around the corner where I can get my snack, my $5 delta, I can get my $5 cart from there, I can get my drinks and I can get all my accessories. And I think that MSOs are losing a lot of business to these gas station, the hemp market, hemp drive market, but I don’t think consumers really realize what they’re even inhaling or consuming. I think the FDA has done a shit job at figuring out how to really regulate this and stop this and the DA and the A TF and all these guys that are claiming they’re pulling stuff off the shelves.

I really don’t think they are. And I think it’s just kind of like, well, it’s kind of happening so we can’t enforce it. We don’t have enough manpower. But it’s like you probably do, but you choose not to. And I think a lot of these companies, when I’m pitching merchandising programs to MSOs and they’re like, well, it’s not really a focus. I’m like, well, is it losing more business to the guy around the corner that’s selling the D eight, the smoke shop and the snack at the same time? Because to convince a dispensary chain why seven 11 has a Slurpee machine and why they have cups and straws is a hard conversation to get through.

Jon Purow:

I never forget, one of the pieces of law school that I go back to the most is it’s not one thing to just make the law. It’s another thing to enforce it. And I mean frankly, look at the, I think it comes down to a certain extent, like a variation on degree. The fact that cannabis doesn’t kill people comes in very handy when the DEA has to make a choice. Fentanyl enforcement and enforcement against some of these cannabinoids. I remember the Delta eight joint F-D-A-C-D-C thing. What did they say? 646 people went to the hospital and then they were fine. And so I think that that almost plays to our advantage. But this is also in your role here. I mean, you’re selling picks and shovels to state license and hemp folks, right? I mean you have hemper, right? And so you get to occupy a position where there’s no choosing size or anything. You’re catering to whatever vehicle it is that people are getting and you actually have an insight into the relative size of the markets. Also is one interesting point I would say with where you are occupying the industry.

Bryan Gerber:

Definitely. Yeah. No, we see it going to a champs trade show. If you look at the show floor, I mean there’s so many D eight hemp derived THCA brands, you would think that it was legal and normal and totally cool. Yeah, and I think what’s really shitty is now I guess they’re finding with the whole amanita gummies and all these crazy gummy product or mushroom products that it’s actually like synthetic DMT and all these crazy other synthetic drugs and it’s just like what is going on? What happened to just smoking good old fashioned cannabis

Jon Purow:

The way that you delivered that line sounded a little bit esque. That was even like, I appreciated that for some reason it almost got draw and it rose above for that reason for me had to say that. So look, as a success story in terms of expanding from the three co-founders to now over 2000 employees, what are the next steps that you see in terms of growing the company, right? I mean we talked about expanding into different product lines. What are that or regions? I mean you touched upon, where do you see growth coming in the next couple steps?

Bryan Gerber:

Definitely. So one of our big initiatives has been getting the reliance of this industry off of China and moving things outside of that. So we’ve been investing heavily in India and the infrastructure that we have over there. And so we’ve been pulling, obviously we did cones out of there, we’re doing glass out of there now. We just started our own injection mold facilities. So we’re actually doing packaging now out of India. And so definitely getting away from the tariff issues and all those extra expenses that a lot of the packaging companies put on the customers nowadays, you don’t get that working with us because we’re pulling it out of a different country. So definitely that. And I think in terms of the domestic market merchandising and helping figure out these dispensary chains, how to successfully bring accessories in and sell them to your customers, I think people need to realize that your customer that’s coming to buy their eighth for the week does not care about a t-shirt or a lanyard anymore.

It just doesn’t work. It hasn’t worked. It never worked. It isn’t going to work. And everyone’s focused on, oh, well it’s only 1% of our total top line revenue. Well, it’s like a self-fulfilling prophecy. If you don’t focus on it, it’s going to stay at 1%. And so I think showing them that it can be 5% of your total top line and here’s your path to that and we’re going to help in terms of distribution and making sure all the shelter stocked and here’s your merchandising program, here’s your planogram. Here’s all these things that traditional retailers focus on that we just somehow can’t figure out in this industry. So helping them figure that part out. And then definitely international, right? That’s been massive for us in terms of just getting out there. Like I said, we were in Germany, we were in Spain for cannabis. I mean, it’s so ingrained in the culture there. It’s just a matter of time where once it goes fully legal, it’s already there. It’s the infrastructure, the farms, everything is already there. It’s really just like can the governments and the parliament and all these prime ministers get their act together and realize it’s the undertones been there, just let’s bring it out.

Jon Purow:

Yeah. There’s no issue like this where say in the US you have 70% support. And when you see the polls in Europe, like Italy, very, very conservative country in certain respects, the polls are crazy in terms of being in favor of it. And yet crossing the finish line becomes so difficult because of what I’m still calling though. I don’t love the pop pun marijuana, no betters, right? That it’s just there’s that puritanical roots that whether it’s from the Pope himself or whatever it is in Italy, that it’s just like it’s difficult. We a universe, we need a worldwide ballot initiative, is what I think we need, is that the people in the world can be like, Hey, governments of the world, 70% of us are down for this. This drug is less harmful than alcohol. Why don’t we try it? So I always like to wrap up by the way, but I never can decide what I want to call it. So please, I do want your vote. Right. So now Brian, I want you to be either Toker dus or smoker Domus and let us know which one you like. You are putting on your wizard hat in the stylized like a joint, right? Throw out anything that you foresee on a macro micro level on a near far term basis for the industry. Just throw out some thoughts.

Bryan Gerber:

I have to pick whether I’m toker, dus, or smoker.

Jon Purow:

That’s the most important part of the question. I’m kidding

Bryan Gerber:

With Tous. And in terms of foresee in terms of macro, micro level, good question.

Jon Purow:

Just anything it pops in your brain box.

Bryan Gerber:

I think everyone is fooling themselves on phal legalization and the timeline. I keep saying this time and time again, there is no way federal government can play friendly with the states by increasing more taxes.

Jon Purow:

Do you think that the progress that’s made on the hemp side is like a form of stealth federal legalization? I mean we have hemp D nine beverages being sold in major alcohol chains at this point.

Bryan Gerber:

I know everyone’s pissed off at total wine. I think it’s letting the big boys play in the gray. I don’t think it’s doing much.

Jon Purow:

It doesn’t actually push us forward. You’re saying because it’s just, it’s risk appetite that people are wandering out there when we realize at any point, hey, the next farm bill could come along and all that could be put back in the bottle with potentially good reason considering the lack of regulation and some of these cannabinoids. So I think that’s your take on that. Yes. Okay. Any quick closing thoughts? I don’t want to run over too much and infringe on your time and you’ve been so giving with it.

Bryan Gerber:

If you need to contact us for any reason, our supply, we’re the premier solutions partner for the pre-roll category. We’re here to help whether we do it or not.

Jon Purow:

Alright. They’ll do it if they can. Exactly. That’s how they got to where they are. So look, Brian, I just want to say I thought that that was fascinating and I really, really appreciate your taking the time. Thank you so much, sir, for joining.

Bryan Gerber:

Thank you, John. Appreciate you having me on today.

 

End


California Supreme Court De-Publishes Ruling that Prioritized Federal Cannabis Policy Over State Reforms

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California’s state Supreme Court last week de-published a prior ruling that said cannabis was illegal in the state due to federal law, the Santa Barbara Independent reports. The decision is related to a twice-appealed lawsuit filed by a Lompoc property owner who sued the County of Santa Barbara after the Board of Supervisors allowed cannabis to be transported on an easement road that runs through her property.  

While both the property owner and county remain bound by the prior ruling, the de-publishing of the ruling means it can no longer be used as a legal precedent for other cases moving forward. 

The property owner first sued the county in 2021 after officials granted a conditional use permit to a cannabis company to grow and transport cannabis; however, the company relied on an easement road that runs through a property owned by JCCrandall LLC. JCCrandall claimed that, under the terms of the 1998 easement, the road could not be used for federally illegal activities and, therefore, the permit was issued to the cannabis company unlawfully. 

A Superior Court judge denied JCCrandall’s claims in 2023 but that decision was overturned on appeal by a District Court Judge, and the cannabis company’s conditional use permit was rescinded in October 2024 on the grounds that the easement did “not include the illegal transport of cannabis.” That decision was set to be published and used as legal precedent throughout the state until the California Supreme Court agreed to de-publish the ruling while maintaining the courts’ orders.

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Washington State Issues Recall for Over 500 Cannabis Product Batches

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Washington state regulators earlier this month issued a sweeping recall of more than 500 cannabis product batches over pesticide and residual solvent concerns. The recall for the Northwest Cannabis Solutions vape products was issued March 13 and may be the largest recall action in state history. 

According to state data, Northwest is the state’s fourth-largest earning cannabis processor with sales totaling about $272.6 million. The company’s year-to-date sales total about $64.4 million, making it the state’s third-largest earner.   

The state recall data shows the affected products – cartridges and disposable vapes produced using the company’s Wedding Crasher, White Widow, and Super Boof strains – were sold at 129 retailers throughout the state.  

Under state law, Northwest has 60 days to develop a recall plan, including naming a recall coordinator, identifying and isolating products to prevent or minimize distribution to consumers, developing procedures to retrieve and destroy affected products, and creating a communications plan to notify those affected by the recall. 

While the company has, so far, not issued any public statements or issued any press releases about the recall, on its website, Northwest says it “implements integrated pest management program, which focuses mainly on preventative and biological methods of pest and disease control using predatory mites and insects, beneficial bacteria and fungi.” Northwest lists neem, corn, canola, mineral, peppermint, cinnamon, and garlic oils, chili pepper extract, insecticidal soaps, citric acid, potassium bicarbonate, potassium sorbate, and sodium lauryl sulfate as “active ingredients” used in pest control, adding that if “chemical control” is utilized, the I-502 pesticide list is “strictly” followed.   

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Alabama Court Voids More Medical Cannabis License Restraining Orders

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The Alabama Court of Civil Appeals last week voided four more temporary restraining orders pertaining to the Alabama Medical Cannabis Commission (AMCC), 1819 News reports. The order instructs Montgomery County Circuit Judge James Anderson to vacate the restraining orders against the agency related to three integrated facility license applicants and one dispensary applicant. 

In a statement, AMCC Director John McMillan said officials “are pleased” that the court “has once again affirmed that investigative hearings and not lawsuits are the next right step in implementing Alabama’s medical cannabis program.”  

“I appreciate the work of our legal team and trust that today’s decision will go a long way toward ending the premature litigation against the Commission.”— McMillan, in a statement, via 1819 News 

The Court of Civil Appeals action follows a similar decision by the court about two weeks prior which found that since the AMCC’s administrative process is not final, the circuit court lacked subject-matter jurisdiction over the claims that led to the temporary restraining orders. 

Both rulings are consistent with the AMCC’s position that its license award decisions are not final until the statutorily required investigative hearing process is completed.  

Alabama lawmakers first approved the medical cannabis reforms in 2021; however, the process has been plagued by lawsuits since the first industry licenses were awarded in 2023.  

In a statement, AMCC Chairman Rex Vaughn said the ruling gives the commission “hope for suffering patients in Alabama to finally realize the benefits of medical cannabis products.” 

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France Files Medical Cannabis Legalization Plan With EU Commission

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In an administrative filing last week, France notified the European Commission of the country’s plans to legalize cannabis for medical use, RFI reports. French officials also announced another extension for its medical cannabis program, which was already extended once before.

“It is a new step towards the development of a regulated access to medical cannabis in France,” the Health Ministry said in a statement.

The formal notification process marks a key step for France toward legalizing medical cannabis, although the commission could take several months to approve the regulations — and then, the French National Authority for Health (HAS) will need to determine how medical cannabis might be covered by the country’s public health insurance, the report said, which will take additional time.

France launched its medical cannabis program in 2021 with 3,000 patients, and it was initially intended to run for two years. However, last year, in the weeks before the initial cutoff, officials announced they would extend the program by six months (until July 31) to give participating patients enough time to seek alternative treatments. Now, under the latest announcement, the program has been extended until March 31, 2026.

“We warmly thank the [health] minister for his support and remain ready to ensure that a medicinal product sector is created, with all the stakeholders involved from the start.” — Ludovic Rachou, president of the Union des industriels pour la valorisation des extraits de chanvre (union for the promotion of hemp extracts), via The Connexion

Outside of the medical program, cannabis remains strictly prohibited in France. However, hemp is legal and there are shops selling low-THC, CBD-rich hemp flower throughout many parts of the country.

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DOGE Cancels Federal Grant to Research Cannabis Use by LGBTQ+ Women

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The Elon Musk-led Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) last week canceled a nearly $700 million federal research grant to study cannabis use by LGBTQ+ women, NewsNation reports.

The grant was awarded to Ohio State University (OSU) professor Dr. Christina Dyar to investigate the link between LGBTQ+ women and cannabis use disorder, which, according to its medical definition, is a substance use disorder where an individual continues to use cannabis despite negative impacts on their life and health. The study aimed to investigate risk factors for cannabis use disorder between heterosexual women and lesbian, bisexual, and/or queer women — a community that statistically experiences more health disparities and is typically underrepresented in medical research.

The project received its first round of funding totaling $715,244 in 2023, and the grant was renewed in April 2024 with another $699,139. Dyar has published two journal articles under the grants so far.

DOGE listed the cannabis study in a social media post on X alongside several other research projects that were recently canceled by the NIH.

An Ohio State spokesperson confirmed the study’s cancellation but offered no further comment, the report said.

 

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Texas Senate Passes Bill Banning All Forms and Any Amount of THC

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The Texas Senate voted on Wednesday to advance a proposal seeking to ban the sale of products containing any amount of THC, including products that test under the 0.3% federal THC limit on industrial hemp, the Texas Tribune reports.

The Senate voted 24-7 in favor of Senate Bill 3, which would enact the THC ban. The proposal moves next to the House, which has its own legislation aimed at reining in the hemp industry. However, the House proposal focuses more heavily on regulatory restrictions, including new licensing and oversight rules, rather than aiming for an outright ban on most consumable hemp products.

Texas Lt. Gov. Dan Patrick (R) — who last year made banning THC in Texas one of his top priorities for 2025 — supports the Senate proposal, and he called the effort one of the “top five” bills of his entire political career, the report said.

“This is a poison in our public, and we as a Legislature — our No. 1 responsibility is life and death issues. We’re going to ban your stores before we leave here, for good.” — Lt. Gov. Patrick, in a Wednesday morning news conference, via the Tribune

Hemp industry lobbyists, meanwhile, have pushed for lawmakers to rethink the ban, claiming the move would effectively shutter the Texas hemp industry and destroy tens of thousands of employment opportunities in the state.

In February, a poll by the University of Houston Hobby School of Public Affairs found that 62% of Texas residents supported legalizing adult-use cannabis possession and sales.

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Poll Finds 52% Support for Legalizing Cannabis in Utah

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A recent poll of Utah citizens found that a slight majority of respondents — 52% — would vote for an adult-use cannabis legalization initiative, FOX 13 News reports.

Noble Predictive Insights conducted the poll earlier this month of 609 registered Utah voters with a margin of error of +/- 3.97%. The poll was commissioned by the newly formed medical cannabis advocacy group Keep Utah Medical, which advocates against legalizing adult-use cannabis in the state in order to protect patients and preserve the practices of the Utah medical cannabis program.

Keep Utah Medical member Alex Iorg, who is also a co-founder of the medical cannabis operator Wholesome Co., said in the report that “it’s important to know where we are as a state.”

“I don’t think there is that appetite quite yet. But if we don’t start looking at ways to improve our medical program, if we don’t make it easier for patients to access medical cannabis here in our state, it will happen eventually. It’s happened in every state around us that’s passed a medical program.” — Iorg, via FOX 13 News

Utah voters approved the state’s medical cannabis program in 2018 with 53% voter support, which nearly matches the support for adult-use cannabis demonstrated by this month’s poll. Meanwhile, another poll by Noble Predictive Insights conducted last October found just 50% voter support for legalizing adult-use cannabis in Utah.

 

End


New Quick Fix 6.4 Plus Launches with Pro Belt Kit and Enhanced Packaging

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Las Vegas, Nevada – March 20, 2025 – Spectrum Labs proudly announces the release of Quick Fix 6.4 Plus Synthetic Urine, an enhanced version of its trusted synthetic urine product. This latest release features the addition of the Pro Belt Kit for increased convenience and discretion, along with new, streamlined packaging designed to improve user experience.

“Quick Fix has been the industry standard for over two decades, and Quick Fix 6.4 Plus takes it to the next level,” said a Spectrum Labs spokesperson. “Our customers rely on us for consistency and quality, and this upgrade reflects our commitment to innovation and customer satisfaction.”

Improved Formula and Performance

Quick Fix 6.4 Plus retains the reliable lab-tested formula that has made Quick Fix a market leader. The balanced pH levels, creatinine content, and specific gravity mimic natural urine with unmatched accuracy. The latest version enhances the formula’s shelf stability and performance, ensuring that it meets the highest quality standards.

The Pro Belt Kit is a significant addition to the product line. It includes an adjustable belt with a secure pocket to hold the synthetic urine bottle, allowing for a discreet and comfortable fit. The kit is designed for easy use, with a controlled-release mechanism that ensures precise handling.

“The Pro Belt Kit addresses customer feedback for a more discreet and convenient option,” the spokesperson added. “It’s easy to use and provides peace of mind in any situation.”

New Packaging for a Modern Look

Alongside the product upgrades, Quick Fix 6.4 Plus features new packaging that reflects the product’s premium quality. The redesigned box and labeling provide clear instructions and product details, improving user confidence and ease of use.

The updated packaging also includes enhanced security features to prevent counterfeiting, reinforcing customer trust in the authenticity of the product.

Commitment to Quality and Customer Satisfaction

Spectrum Labs has built a reputation for delivering reliable synthetic urine products backed by rigorous testing and quality control. Quick Fix 6.4 Plus continues this legacy, offering a product that meets industry standards and customer expectations.

“We’ve listened to our customers and focused on making meaningful improvements,” the spokesperson said. “The Pro Belt Kit and new packaging are designed to offer a better overall experience while maintaining the product’s trusted performance.”

Availability

Quick Fix 6.4 Plus Synthetic Urine with the Pro Belt Kit is now available for purchase through authorized retailers and directly from the Quick Fix Synthetic website.

About Quick Fix Synthetic

Quick Fix Synthetic has been a leader in the synthetic urine market for a long time. Known for its commitment to quality and innovation, Quick Fix Synthetic products are trusted by customers worldwide for their reliability and accuracy. Quick Fix Synthetic, is a proud partner of Spectrum Labs, offers customers direct access to these trusted products.

Contact

For media inquiries, please contact:

Chris Kennedy

Marketer

Quick Fix Synthetic

1-866-420-4574

Chris@quickfixsynthetic.com

https://www.quickfixsynthetic.com/

End


Study: More Than a Quarter of Pre-Rolls in New Jersey Exceeded State Microbial Limits for Cannabis

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More than a quarter – 28% – of pre-rolls tested during a secret shopper program by Safe Leaf Society in New Jersey exceeded microbial limits set by state Cannabis Regulatory Commission. The failures which amounted to seven out of 25 pre-roll products, were spread across five separate cultivation licenses.    

The study also found that all eight pre-rolls tested for potency had THC levels that varied wildly from what was on the label, with one testing a THC content of 13.27% despite being labeled 26.28% – nearly 50% less than advertised. Other pre-rolls tested ranged a difference between 17.13% to 42.61% of what was on the label. 

In a statement, Andrea Raible and Michael Boone, co-founders of Safe Leaf, said the organization is not conducting the tests “to create controversy” but rather “to work with consumers, industry leaders, and regulators to make sure that we prioritize safety and integrity.”

“If we don’t hold cannabis to the same standards as food and medicine we will erode consumer trust. We must have rigorous testing that provides science backed information. These conditions are non-negotiable.” — Boone in a press release    

The project also found other mislabeling issues including one product that was labeled as a terpene-infused pre-roll that was determined to be a distillate-infused pre-roll and another product that didn’t include a business ID on the label. COAs were also not readily available for any of the purchased products.

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Hmong American with Green Card Deported After Serving Sentence for Federal Cannabis Crime

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A Hmong American woman who has lived in Wisconsin since she was 8 months old was deported to Laos last week related to a guilty plea in 2020 for her role in a federal cannabis case, the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel reports. Ma Yang, 37, was a legal permanent U.S. resident who had served 2 1/2 years in prison for her role in the trafficking operation.  

A part of the plea deal, Yang said, was that she could keep her green card. At the end of her sentence, Yang was transferred to an Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) detention facility in Minnesota and, on the advice of an attorney, signed a document agreeing that a deportation order would be entered against her in exchange for being released from detention. Yang and her attorney believed the deportation would not occur because in the last fiscal year, the U.S. did not deport anyone to Laos, according to federal data. 

After being released from detention, Yang attended her regular check-ins with ICE but last month got a call from ICE asking her to meet with them – nine months before her scheduled date – and was ultimately detained, sent to a jail in Indiana, then to a jail in Illinois two weeks later, then deported.  

Yang is not allowed to return to the U.S.  

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SEC Charges Former Acreage CFO with Falsifying Records, Lying to Auditors

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The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) last week filed charges against Glen Leibowitz, a New York-licensed certified public accountant (CPA) and the former chief financial officer (CFO) of Acreage Holdings, Inc., for allegedly lying to Acreage’s auditor and falsifying Acreage’s accounting records. 

According to the SEC’s complaint, Leibowitz’s violations arise from a round-trip transfer of cash between Acreage and an affiliated entity that temporarily increased Acreage’s year-end 2019 cash balance on its internal accounting records. With Leibowitz’s alleged knowledge and participation, Acreage caused the affiliated entity to transfer approximately $4.2 million into Acreage’s bank account in December 2019, with the understanding that Acreage would return the same amount at the beginning of the new year, which it did in January 2020. 

The complaint further alleges that Leibowitz was responsible for Acreage’s accounting staff’s creation of journal entries that mischaracterized the round-trip transaction, first as a repayment of debt owed by the affiliate, and later as a short-term loan from the affiliate to Acreage. 

After employees’ concerns about the transaction were escalated to a member of Acreage’s board of directors, Leibowitz allegedly directed accounting staff to record an additional journal entry that effectively reversed the transaction. The complaint also alleges that during the audit of Acreage’s fiscal year 2019 financial statements, Leibowitz misrepresented and omitted material facts about the round-trip cash transfer in written and oral statements he made to the accounting firm conducting the audit, including in Acreage’s management representation letter. 

The complaint seeks permanent injunctive relief, civil monetary penalties, and a conduct-based injunction. 

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Bill to Legalize Cannabis Filed in North Carolina

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Democratic lawmakers in the North Carolina House on Monday filed a bill seeking to legalize adult-use cannabis, WBTV reports.

Titled the “Marijuana Legalization and Reinvestment Act,” the proposal would allow people aged 21 and older to possess, cultivate, buy, and sell cannabis under state law. If passed, the bill would set a 30% excise tax on retail cannabis sales and would give municipalities the option to add another 2% local cannabis industry tax. Fifty percent of the state’s cannabis tax revenue would be allocated to specific funds and research programs — including a new Community Reinvestment and Repair Fund and a cannabis social equity fund proposed in the bill — while the remaining 50% would go into the state’s General Fund.

Provisions of the bill also include banning the public use of cannabis and keeping the cultivation of cannabis hidden from public view, even from other private property. Landlords and property managers would be allowed to prohibit the smoking of cannabis.

North Carolina has yet to enact significant state-level cannabis reforms although the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians voted in 2023 to legalize adult-use cannabis in the Qualla Boundary region, and later opened an adult-use dispensary there that sells cannabis products to any customer aged 21 or older, whether they live locally or not.

In February, a Meredith College poll found that a 71% majority of North Carolina voters support legalizing medical cannabis access, while just 23% of respondents opposed the reforms and 6% were unsure.

The North Carolina Senate voted to legalize medical cannabis last year but the proposal died in the House.

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Wyoming Pays $150,000 Settlement Over Hemp Seizures

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Wyoming paid $150,000 to settle a lawsuit brought by hemp farmers whose crop was seized in 2019 because law enforcement wrongly suspected the plants were illegal cannabis plants, according to a WyoFile report.

The mother-and-son hemp farmer duo, Debra Palm-Egle and Joshua Egle, faced drug trafficking charges including conspiracy to manufacture, deliver, or possess marijuana; possession with intent to deliver marijuana; and possession of marijuana — all felonies. The pair also faced a lesser marijuana cultivation charge. During the investigation, however, the prosecution’s lab testing found that the seized plants tested at THC levels around the federal limit of 0.3%, in line with most industrial hemp crops. In 2021, the federal judge overseeing the case dismissed the charges.

In May 2022, Palm-Egle filed her federal civil suit, the report said. This month, the state agreed to a $150,000 settlement — enough to cover her attorney fees for the civil suit and to make up the money she spent on defense attorneys in 2021-2022.

Palm-Egle said she was glad the legal saga was finished, and suggested the lawsuit might help officials “stop and think” before rushing into a potential hemp crop seizure.

“This has been a long fight, and I’m grateful that I’m finished with this and I hope that no one else goes through this in the state.” — Palm-Egle, via WyoFile

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Dank poet dispensary poetry contest

Dispensary Launches A Dank Poetry Contest Themed “Elevation of Self”

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Washington Borough, N.J. – Dank Poet Dispensary announces its highly anticipated “Elevation of Self” Poetry Contest, a celebration of creative expression, community inclusion and the written word. Poets of all backgrounds are invited to submit their original work for a chance to perform at Fern:20, an exclusive literary and cultural event hosted at Dank Poet Dispensary on April 11, 2025.

All entrants must be by adult residents of NJ, aged 21 or older. Poems are limited to one side of a single spaced, typed 8.5 by 11 inch page. The theme of this contest is “Elevation of Self”. All entries will present their interpretation of that theme and all forms and styles of poetry will be allowed. Winners will be chosen based on creative interpretation of the prompt, use of poetic techniques, originality, use of imagery and language.

Prestigious Awards and Recognition

Judges’ panel includes:

Dylan Bamrick, NJ Sales Director; Fernway; cannabis connoisseur
Jessica Chevalier, Editor in Chief, Fat Nugs Magazine; writer, poetry lover, and cannabis aficionado
Kate Juliano, Sales Manager, Green Thumb Industries (GTI); bachelor’s in English Lit
Cassie Kilmartin, Wholesale Account Manager, iAnthus; bachelor’s in English Lit
Christopher Caruso, CEO of Dank Poet Dispensary; master’s in English Lit

The distinguished panel of judges will evaluate entries and select five semifinalists, who will be invited to perform their pieces live at Fern:20. These 5 poems will also be framed and featured throughout Dank Poet Dispensary for public viewing.

The winning poet, chosen by the judges, will receive:

    • A $150 cash prize sponsored by Fernway
    • Publication in Fat Nugs Magazine, a leading cannabis culture and arts publication
    • Feature placement on Dank Poet-branded accessories available for sale
  • Honorable Mention will be awarded a $100 cash prize sponsored by Fernway

The People’s Choice award, chosen by public voting (see below) will receive:

  • A $100 cash prize sponsored by  Fernway

Audience members will have the opportunity to participate in the People’s Choice Award through voting donations, with all proceeds benefiting the Balanced Veterans Network (BVN). BVN provides education, resources, and a vital support system to help veterans navigate post-service life and explore alternative therapies for mental and physical well-being.

Key Contest Dates:

  • Submission Deadline: March 25, 2025
  • People’s Choice Voting: April 2, 2025 through April 11, 2025 at 7pm
  • Live Performances by the Semifinalists: April 11, 2025, from 6pm to 8pm
  • Winners Announced: April 11, 2025, at 7:30 p.m.

Dank Poet Dispensary invites poets, artists, and the broader community to celebrate the power of words while supporting a meaningful cause. For contest rules, submission guidelines, and more information, visit dankpoet.com/contest.

Media Contact:
Sonia Mangalick, CFO/CMO and Managing Partner
Dank Poet Dispensary
sonia@dankpoet.com
908-399-9714

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Study: 85% of Cannabis Consumers Drive the Same Day as Consumption

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A study released by AAA this month found nearly 85% of cannabis consumers drive on the same day as consumption, with 53% admitting to consuming a cannabis product an hour or less prior to driving. Another 46.9% said they drive the same as when they have not consumed cannabis, while 14.7% said they drive a little better and 19.4% saying they drive much better. 

The study found that 44.1% of respondents consumed cannabis multiple times per day and 57.8% of respondents also drive daily. 

Another study released by the organization last month sought to gain a better “understanding of attitudes, perceptions, and reasons for driving under the influence” in an effort to “inform the development of messages to deter cannabis impaired driving.” That study found that 38.6% of respondents said they would trust messaging about cannabis use and safe driving from cannabis industry groups and cannabis brands or companies (37.3%). The study concluded that “messages that highlighted personal responsibility and safety concerns performed better than messages based on legal risks.”  

In a press release, Jake Nelson, AAA’s director of traffic safety advocacy, said that “Effective messaging about cannabis-impaired driving needs to include credible voices, real-world scenarios, and respectful language.” 

Participants also preferred realistic, positive, and diverse messaging that avoids stereotypes.    

“Individuals who consume cannabis come from all walks of life,” he added, “and that should be reflected in the messaging.”   

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$1.6M Spent on Pennsylvania Cannabis Reform Lobbying Last Year

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Twenty-six companies spent over $1.6 million on lobbying in Pennsylvania for cannabis reforms last year, according to a Spotlight PA analysis, with over $800,000 coming from multistate cannabis companies.  

Trulieve, which operates cannabis businesses in nine states, spent over $210,000 on lobbying in Pennsylvania last year, with $165,000 spent on direct communications and $45,000 on indirect communication. The Pennsylvania Cannabis Coalition (PCC), a trade organization, spent $171,720 on lobbying last year, which Meredith Buettner, the group’s executive director, told Spotlight was used to advocate for “modernization to the medical marijuana program,” and “advancing adult-use legislation.” 

According to data from the state Department of State Lobbying Disclosure Database, in addition to Trulieve and the PCC, 24 other companies and organizations spent money lobbying for cannabis reforms in the state, including: 

  • Cresco Labs – $149,084 
  • PA Options for Wellness, Inc. – $105,000 
  • CannTech PA – $90,770 
  • Veranos – $90,000 
  • Curaleaf – $90,000 
  • Penn AltOrganics – $78,000 
  • Organic Remedies Inc – $75,157 
  • Acreage Holdings – $69,066 
  • Restore Integrated Wellness Center – $68, 641 
  • Ascend Wellness Holdings – $65,942 
  • Holistic Farms, LLC – $60,871 
  • Maitri Holdings LLC – $48,000 
  • Metrc – $39,000 
  • FarmaceuticalsRX – $38,500 
  • GIT Pennsylvania – $36,040 
  • MLH Explorations, LLC – $28,984 
  • Terrapin – $24,586 
  • US Cannalytics – $24,000 
  • ACT Laboratories, Inc. – $20,000 
  • Jushi Holdings – $19,500 
  • Green Leaf Medical, LLC – $16,250 
  • Whole Plants – $15,000 
  • American Trade Association for Cannabis and Hemp – $6,653 
  • Leaflink – $3,260 

Some cannabis company executives also contributed to political candidates and lawmakers in Pennsylvania, including Benjamin Kovler, CEO and founder of Chicago-based Green Thumb Industries (GTI), who contributed $45,000 to Pennsylvania’s highest-ranking lawmakers last year. Kovler gave Gov. Josh Shapiro (D) a $25,000 donation while splitting evenly the remaining funds between state House Majority Leader Matt Bradford (D) and Senate President Pro Tempore Kim Ward (R). Anthony Georgiadis, president of GTI, contributed $10,000 apiece to state Senate Majority Leader Joe Pittman (R) and State Sen. Dan Laughlin (R), who also chairs the chamber’s Law and Justice Committee. 

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Missouri House Committee Again Rejects Hemp Regulation Bill

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For the second time this month, a Missouri bill to regulate THC-infused hemp products – which is backed by hemp companies in the state – was voted down in the House General Laws Committee, the Missouri Independent reports. The measure was rejected by the committee in a 1-13 vote on March 4, while the committee voted down the measure 5-7 on March 13 after hemp beverage distributor Steven Busch, who helped draft the measure, emailed committee members asking them to vote against it.

The bill voted down last week was amended from the previous version to include requests sought by the Missouri Hemp Trade Association, including increased sales taxes and self-distribution, but also allowed the continued sale of THC-A flower, which Busch opposed.

“It would really jeopardize the whole industry if they keep trying to push THC-A as hemp. If somebody wants a product like that, they can very easily get it at a dispensary and that’s where it should be obtained.” — Busch to the Independent

Two other hemp regulation bills, backed by the Missouri Cannabis Trade Association, are being considered by the state legislature and have already cleared House and Senate committees, the report says. Those bills seek to ban most intoxicating hemp products from being sold outside of dispensaries; but hemp beverages would only be sold in bard and liquor stores.

Busch told the Independent he would back those bills, which he said “have all the protections” needed for “consumers and businesses in there to make the product safe and properly regulated.” He added that if the bills don’t pass, the state’s hemp industry would “be in no man’s land again.”

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Federally-Funded Study to Investigate Agricultural Benefits of Hemp Cultivation and Biochar

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The U.S. Department of Energy is funding a $5 million study investigating the agricultural benefits of hemp cultivation and biochar, a charcoal mixture similar to planting soil. The joint effort will include researchers from Western Washington University, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and the University of Connecticut,  and the six-year study will focus on soil health under the effects of biochar and rotations of hemp, wheat, corn, chickpeas, and other crops.

According to David Gang, the project leader and director of the WSU Center for Cannabis Policy, Research, and Outreach, “Hemp and biochar are potentially powerful tools for invigorating agricultural soils. Together, they might amplify each other’s effects.”

“We want to see how different combinations of hemp and biochar affect the entire cropping system over time and how beneficial these practices are for soil health.” — Gang, in a press release

The study will include soil analysis efforts by the private firm Yard Stick PBC, which is developing a spectrometer probe and learning models to measure different forms of carbon in the soil.

“Biochar’s role in the rapid, durable decarbonization of agricultural supply chains is very promising,” said Chris Tolles, Yard Stick CEO. “Our mission is to activate soils for climate and agricultural impact. We are thrilled to provide soil carbon measurement expertise to this innovative project and are grateful to the Department of Energy for their leadership.”

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Minnesota Cannabis Business Applications Portal Crashes Ahead of Licensing Deadline

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The online portal for submitting cannabis license applications to the Minnesota Office of Cannabis Managment (OCM) was unexpectedly shut down at 9:00 p.m. last Friday, just a few hours before the state’s adult-use cannabis business applications window was scheduled to close, FOX 9 reports.

Accela, the third-party vendor behind the online portal, said the site was back up and running by 4:00 a.m. on Saturday, although the application window was scheduled only until midnight. Ultimately, state officials extended the deadline to 11:59 p.m. on Sunday.

The cannabis licensing window was open to both social equity and general business applications, and the available licenses included cannabis microbusiness, mezzobusiness, cultivator, manufacturer, retail, wholesaler, transporter, testing facility, delivery service, and medical/adult-use cannabis combo licenses. Some of the license types have a hard cap allowed under state law, including the cannabis mezzobusinesses (100 licenses), cultivators (50 licenses), manufacturers (24 licenses), and retailers (150 licenses). The remaining six license types are uncapped.

This was just the first application window: lotteries for cannabis event organizer licenses, and low-potency hemp edible manufacturer and retailer licenses, are expected later this year.

Meanwhile, a report earlier this month found that Minnesota’s incoming cannabis industry is likely to be among the top U.S. contributors to cannabis industry sales growth over the next three years.

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Joseph Ziolkowski portrait image

Joseph Ziolkowski: Navigating Insurance, Regulation & Risk in Cannabis

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Insurance is a crucial yet often overlooked pillar of the cannabis and psychedelic industries. As businesses navigate complex regulations, raise capital, and manage risk, securing proper coverage can make the difference between success and failure. In this episode of the Ganjapreneur Podcast, Joe Ziolkowski, CEO and founder of Relm Insurance, shares insights on the unique challenges cannabis and psychedelic companies face in the insurance market. With a background in alternative risk transfer and a focus on emerging industries, Joe has built Relm into a forward-thinking insurance provider willing to cover businesses that traditional insurers avoid.

From the impact of federal policy changes to the role of radical transparency in securing investment, this conversation sheds light on a side of the industry few talk about—but all businesses need to understand. Listen to the episode below, or scroll down for the full transcript!


Listen to the episode:


Read the transcript:

Editor’s note: this transcript was generated automatically and may contain errors.

TG Branfalt:

Hey there, I’m your host, TG Branfalt, and this is the ganjapreneur.com podcast where we try to bring you actionable information and normalized cannabis through the stories of ganjapreneurs, activists and industry stakeholders. Today I’m joined by Joe Ziolkowski. He’s the CEO and founder of Relm Insurance, which offers insurance for the cannabis and psychedelic industries. How are we doing this afternoon, Joe?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Awesome, TG, thanks so much for having me. Great to be here.

TG Branfalt:

I’m real stoked to get into what you do because I think it’s a very underlooked sort of portion of both the cannabis and emergent psychedelic industries. But before we get to that, man, tell me about yourself. How’d you end up serving the cannabis and psychedelic industries? How’d you get involved in insurance? Tell me the story, man.

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, I’ll give you the quick and dirty version of it. Ultimately, I’ve been in the insurance industry for about 15 years, and fortunately I came into the insurance industry through, in hindsight, a specialized niche of the global insurance industry. I came into the insurance industry focusing on the alternative risk transfer side of the business. So without going too far into the details, the traditional insurance industry is massive. It’s global. It accounts for trillions of dollars of capital sitting on balance sheets of some of the biggest companies in the world. It accounts for trillions of dollars of premium that are paid by companies in 180 plus different countries. And the traditional insurance market encompasses a lot of traditional companies doing traditional things that yield traditional types of risks. But there are a portfolio of exposures and products that are very non-standard, and a lot of the companies that are looking for solutions or conclusions that just aren’t possible to achieve through the traditional insurance marketplace will turn to what’s called the alternative risk transfer sector, or this alternative aspect of the insurance and reinsurance industry where bespoke products are developed, capacity is created with, let’s say third party investor, capital insurance infrastructure and reinsurance infrastructure is set up to solve very specific and tailored problems.

And if you look at the Fortune 1000, 90% of those companies are accessing products and solutions through the alternative insurance and reinsurance marketplace. And so that’s where I came into the insurance industry really in what I think is probably the most stimulating entry point to an industry that’s considered so boring and opaque by so many others. And I spent eight years just going through solution after solution and product development initiative after product development initiative, really getting I think a unique and super interesting perspective on how this industry works.

TG Branfalt:

So what drew you to it initially?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, I had a finance background and I was working for a real estate development company that needed an alternative solution to some of the bonding performance and payment bonding that they were required to secure for some of the projects they were working on. And I got exposure to the execution of this type of solution where they were essentially self-insuring, right, utilizing insurance infrastructure that they owned and controlled to finance those risks in a way that enabled them to keep a portion of the risk on their own kind of affiliated balance sheet and then access reinsurance on a wholesale basis. So the idea ultimately is instead of paying premium to an insurance company that you have no control over, no affiliation with, and you continue to do that year after year after year without filing any claims, that third party insurance company gets to keep the premium and all of the retained profits. In the alternative sense. You could use some of your own insurance or reinsurance infrastructure to retain some of those profits and investment income that would otherwise be kept by some insurance company you don’t own or control. And so I got exposure to that and realized how prevalent this type of solution is for a very specific set of companies doing some of the most sophisticated things in the world and then found myself in the insurance business.

TG Branfalt:

So this is obviously a, could we call it non-traditional sort of insurance? Absolutely. So how is this sort of a non-traditional model ensuring non-traditional businesses such as cannabis and psychedelics?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Well, so I think when you look at the types of risks or the types of companies that approach these non-standard solutions, they are companies in some instances, they’re companies doing new things. If you think about the way that the insurance industry works, it is a backwards looking industry by design. It takes a whole bunch of historical data about a particular type of loss, and it models that data millions of times to effectively predict the future. It’s taking all those historical loss incidences and forecasting the anticipated future frequency and severity of that similar type of loss happening under similar sets of circumstances. And so when you have that historical perspective of a lot of data, it puts the insurance industry in a position better than most industries to actually predict the future. But when you lack that historical data, when you’ve lacked that historical perspective, the insurance industry almost seizes it, right?

It almost can’t put forward a product at a premium that they can stand up in front of regulators and say, with a high confidence level, this premium is going to be adequate relative to anticipated loss because they have no historical data on which to base that prediction. And so regulators essentially put the kibosh on traditional insurance companies trying to come into market for solutions related to new things. And it’s one of the challenges of being an innovator. It’s one of the challenges of pushing the boundaries in even a traditional industry is that when it comes to seeking insurance, which is something that underlies the bedrock of any sustainable industry, accessibility to insurance is a hallmark of a sustainable industry. If you can’t access that coverage, it is literally an impediment to your business model. And unfortunately, a lot of companies who’ve been operating in the cannabis space for the last decade have been running into brick walls trying to find a line capacity that’s going to enable them to raise rounds of funding, get regulated, satisfy insurance requirements in different sorts of contracts, et cetera. So it’s a major challenge for any new industry to find these types of insurance or reinsurance solutions.

TG Branfalt:

So now, are there differences, let’s say, between insurance for a business that touches the plant like cultivators and that sort of thing versus one in the industry that may not?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, yeah, definitely. Right. And so I think when you look at where I came into the insurance industry and where we’re at today with Realm, it was really kind of this transition of setting up these bespoke insurance or reinsurance solutions for individual companies gaining an understanding of what the insurance industry does really well and understanding what the insurance industry doesn’t do particularly well. And if you’re going to try to maybe compete isn’t the best way to describe it, but if you’re going to try to bring a value proposition to a market as big and as deep and broad as the insurance industry on a global basis, you really have to find those sectors or areas where the insurance industry doesn’t function particularly well. So as I was kind of coming out of the alternative insurance and reinsurance space and looking to provide broader market solutions, it was really a function of saying, what are these sectors that are truly innovative, are emerging, and that I believe are going to be here for a long time?

Not trends that are going to pop up and disappear, but really innovative and emerging technologies or products and services that are going to likely fundamentally change the way that we interact or trade or consume or travel. And those are the industries that I want to focus on from a product and solution standpoint. And the idea ultimately was back in 2019, was to set up an insurance company that we had full ownership and control over that was really only focused on looking forward instead of looking backward. And so when we launched, after receiving our license from the Bermuda Monetary Authority in 2019, our entire strategy as a traditional insurance company was to focus on companies doing really innovative things and bring informed and dedicated insurance capacity and products to the market. So companies across the cannabis supply chain or early stage psychedelics companies looking at different ways of treating really important neurologic diseases could access the type of capacity that they ultimately need. And that’s really the genesis. And I would say the reason for our existence at Realm is to find these companies doing really interesting and important things, but are really inhibited by the slow moving nature of an industry that they didn’t even realize they need the support of in order to grow their business and scale it. Does that make sense?

TG Branfalt:

Yeah. What are some of the challenges when you’re approached by a company, when they’re talking about when they’re looking for your service, essentially, what are some of the challenges that they’re trying to figure out? What sort of roadblocks have been in their way and then they come to you? What do you typically hear? Sure.

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah. So when you look at companies operating in the cannabis space, it’s pretty varied, but one I think really important one is if you’re a private company looking to raise your first round of funding or you’re looking at bringing a physician partner onto your staff as a senior advisor, or you’re looking for an independent director to bring credibility to your business model, those individuals are typically bringing a really important professional reputation to the company, and very few of them are going to be inclined to serve in the absence of having directors and officers liability insurance. So if you look at something like directors and officers liability insurance, it exists to provide protection to the directors and officers of your company for doing things in their capacity as a director and officer. And in the absence of that coverage, if you get sued by a regulator, if you get sued by a competitor, if you get sued by a consumer and the individual directors and officers of your company are named, they’re personally liable for defense expenses and judgments that are ultimately levied against the company and them in their capacity. So when you look at companies trying to raise funding and advance clinical trials, it puts the company in a position to onboard really credible talent because it gives that talent a level of confidence and protection against the things that could go wrong in any company that’s pushing the boundaries. Does that make sense? So that’s directors and officers liability insurance, which is a really important coverage.

TG Branfalt:

It’s really interesting because that’s not something that I don’t think anyone listening would really think about is as sort of top line of one of the problems that faces the industry. Now, I get press releases quite frequently, and there’s often some sort of, there are insurance companies or are these sort of different people taking different angles? How can operators figure out what the best option is as far as insurance providers goes?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I think one of the hallmarks of a business that is differentiating itself from its competitors in some of these innovative and emerging sectors like cannabis or psychedelics, is a company that actually has a perspective on risk management. It sounds really boring, and it sounds certainly not really sexy compared to a lot of cool stuff that’s happening in the cannabis and psychedelic space. But these companies are trying to build something sustainable. They’re trying to find something that is attractive to as a potential acquisition target, or they’re looking to build something that’s attractive from an investor perspective. And to your point, these entrepreneurs and these founders or these companies of early stage or growth stage companies are so focused on generating revenue and not really appropriately focused on the things that are going to enable them to ultimately scale their business. And when you look at risk management and you look at the important role that insurance plays in any single industry that’s been around for a long time, it is an enabler.

So the thing that I would recommend most to any company, regardless of their stage of existence, but particularly for early stage, is to find an insurance broker that has experience solving insurance related problems for companies operating in their industry sector. And I think in that respect, it’s important to create clarity between the two roles that need to be distinguished within the insurance placement process. You have brokers that work with these companies to understand their business and understand their kind of insurance related needs, and then the brokers go to the local and global insurance market to try to find an insurance carrier that has the capacity and products and willingness to actually take on the risk of insuring these types of companies. So realm is a risk taker, right? We are an insurance carrier that works through brokers who have clients operating across the cannabis or psychedelics ecosystem that need certain types of coverage. So the answer to your question ultimately is the first step is really as a owner or operator of a company in the cannabis or psychedelic space, find a great broker broker that understands your business and start engaging in transparent dialogue about how your company is positioned, the products and services you’re looking to put into the market. And that’s a really critical door opener to understanding how you should be thinking about insurance and risk management.

TG Branfalt:

So what about when you launched your company? I’m sure there weren’t a whole lot of brokers that knew you existed or there weren’t a whole lot of brokers working for cannabis industry companies. How did you sort of link up with them? How did you make those connections?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, so it’s really interesting because in an insurance market, as big as the global insurance market is what Realm offered was extremely unique. I mean, globally, I think I can sit here and say five years later, we were the only insurance company back in late 2019, early 2020 that had a strategy that was laser focused on providing solutions for companies operating in the cannabis and psychedelic space. The other sector that we were servicing a ton was companies operating in the crypto and blockchain space. So when you look at our overall appetite, it looks nothing like a traditional insurance company. And for us, that means we’re not encumbered by legacy data. We’re not encumbered by bureaucratic hierarchical organizational structures that are used to doing very traditional and normal things. And now we need to branch out and do something very abnormal. Our DNA is really forward looking.

So from our perspective, what we were bringing to the market was number one, a commitment to companies operating in the sector that we actually genuinely believed in and wanted to support. And then if you look at the way insurance brokers work, and this is not to denigrate at all insurance brokers, but it’s largely an income stream that’s based on commission. So if you are functioning as an insurance broker and you have a growing pipeline of clients in the cannabis space that need certain products and you can’t find them anywhere, and you get a whisper of this new insurance company that’s just hit the market that may have an appetite for this sort of thing, you’re going to find out about it real quickly. In our first year of operations by December, we had insurance brokers sending us business from Australia to Canada and some of the biggest names, no way. And it goes to show you the importance of product market fit. It goes to show you the importance of identifying a problem that exists in a particular industry and spending a lot of time making sure you’ve got something that helps solve it.

TG Branfalt:

So you talk about risk and that realm is a risk taker. One of the biggest risks obviously is the sort of status of cannabis and most psychedelics under federal law. Obviously there’s talk from the DEA rescheduling cannabis, keeping in mind that the Trump administration could undo the Biden recommendation and everything like that. But how could insurance cannabis businesses change if the DEA reschedules cannabis or even if a new administration decides to move backwards, what are the ramifications there?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, right. This is one of the reasons the cannabis industry is so easy for the insurance industry to kind of turn its back on, particularly in the us. I mean, the schedule one status is an absolute non-starter for most insurance companies. And then when you look at the insurance companies that are willing to support companies, let’s say non plant touching companies in the United States, those insurance companies then have to get comfortable with this state-based approach to regulation and legalization. And that adds a whole area of complexity around what happens to companies operating on an interstate basis. And before it just becomes so easy for insurance companies to say, we’re making, we’re generating a lot of premium over here for traditional companies doing traditional things, and the amount of effort in red tape I’ve got to jump through to dip my toe in the water of something that’s really complicated and problematic, it’s just not going to happen.

And so I think when you look at the idea of regulations or legislations rolling back, I guess what we could call momentum in the United States at a federal level, I’d say it’s problematic for companies operating in the sector. It’s only going to make the availability of capacity and products. These companies need to grow their businesses harder to come by, and they’re left with a supply demand dynamic. And this supply demand dynamic exists in every type of business. If there’s a growing need for something and there’s a dearth of supply, it gets expensive and the types of solutions you need become harder to come by. So that would be an unfortunate turn of events, I would say, at least in the us.

TG Branfalt:

What happens if it goes the other way? Does that open up, if they do reschedule cannabis, would that open up the industry for maybe more traditional players? And is that something that your company is looking at in the future?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Two part question. If they reschedule cannabis, let’s say as a Schedule three substance, I think you’ll see much more market participation. And by market participation, I mean a lot of other insurance carriers who’ve been sitting on the sidelines come into the market with an appetite. And it’s insurance companies that are comfortable ensuring agricultural businesses. It’s insurance companies that are comfortable ensuring consumer packaged goods businesses. It’s insurance companies that are comfortable ensuring retail and wholesale type distribution and retail arrangements. When you look at cannabis as a product, either on the agricultural side of things or something that sits on the shelves of a retail outlet, it looks like a lot of other products with the exception of the fact that right now it’s federally illegal. And when that federal status changes, I think what you would see and certainly would be a benefit to companies operating in the space is increased availability of the type of coverage and capacity that these companies are going to need over the long haul to protect their businesses as they grow up.

TG Branfalt:

And the other thing that you’ve mentioned a couple of times is the reinsurance industry. And we’ve been hearing a lot about that on the news because of all the sort of natural disasters that have occurred in Florida and other states is the changing insurance landscape for things like homeowner’s insurance due to climate related disasters, having any impact on ensuring the cannabis and psychedelic industries. Because from what I’m sort of here and reading the news is that many companies are trying to get out of insuring certain states. And so if you’re insuring, say a lot of businesses in, say, Florida, for example, and is there more risk associated with those manufacturing businesses or those cultivation businesses?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, listen, I would say there is a loose correlation between the really negative profitability impact that a surge in natural catastrophes have on certain insurance carriers, and the challenges that companies operating in the cannabis space face trying to find coverage. So what I mean by that is the insurance marketplace is very segmented the same, the insurance companies that are insuring a lot of residential houses in natural catastrophe exposed areas like Florida or wildfire in California are not at all necessarily the same insurance companies that are focused on providing a little bit of capacity companies operating in the cannabis and psychedelic space. So there are circumstances where that correlation is non-existent. But the overall, I think takeaway is that whenever there’s a surgeon in loss experience in one corner of the insurance industry, it can have knock on effects in other aspects of the insurance industry. And typically that knock on effect is reduced capacity increase in prices. So that’s really the major thing to look out for. I would

TG Branfalt:

Say, I just remembered that during the wildfires a couple of years ago, a lot of cultivators, especially in northern California, they did not get those insurance payments, which is why, and I’m not sort of accusing the insurance company broadly or the insurance industry broadly. It’s one of those things that has come up sort of in the past.

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, absolutely. And I think those challenges are, I feel for a lot of the companies operating, especially in the cannabis space in some of these more cat exposed areas, because you can be transacting or providing very vanilla products and services in the California market right now, if you have any sort of property that has wildfire exposure, you’re going to face really extreme challenges finding adequate cover. And then if you bolt on any sort of marijuana related business component to that, the limited pipeline of companies that may have an interest in providing you some sort of property cover gets reduced even further. So again, it’s that supply demand challenge that’s difficult for a lot of companies to navigate.

TG Branfalt:

So what are you looking at as far as the future of the psychedelic industry over the next several years? If it’s something that you’re already looking at, you say you look forward at these industries instead of looking backwards. What do you see that industry looking like as it takes shape, which is obviously happening much slower than cannabis?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, I think it’s really fascinating. If you had asked me in 2019 if there was a chance by at some point in our early existence, we’d be ensuring companies using psilocybin, MDMA, ketamine, DMT Ayahuasca, I would’ve said, you’re crazy. Maybe I could see it somewhere in the distant future. But the fact that we’ve been able to engage with companies utilizing these psychedelic compounds to treat things like substance abuse and depression and PTSD, these really impactful, negatively impactful neurologic diseases that don’t really have any solid, consistent, dependable means of treatment, at least in the pharmaceutical sense to me, is super compelling and really important. And when you look at the slow, but maybe building momentum on a global basis of different jurisdictions, legalizing or decriminalizing, you can kind of get a sense for where this is going. I mean, I think Alberta was the first province in Canada to legalize psilocybin.

And you’ve got two states in the us not necessarily the best examples, but they’ve kind of decriminalized. And then you’ve got Australia, which I think is the first country, and you’ve got Switzerland that enables certain types of early stage stuff. On the psychedelic side, you’ve got state referendums here in the US that are on the table to legalize or decriminalize certain psychedelic compounds. And while I agree with you that the momentum certainly has been slower, you can see it building over the next 10 years, and you also can see some of the interest from traditional pharmaceutical companies or biotech companies that are looking at making investments or making acquisitions of companies that are pushing the envelope in some of these early stage psychedelic initiatives. So to me, I think it’s a really interesting perspective and a privileged perspective that we have as a pick and shovel that these companies can use to try to push their initiatives further along.

TG Branfalt:

So lemme ask you personally, because did you know that psychedelics had these sort of medical, let’s call ’em benefits just for the sake of this conversation before getting into potentially ensuring these businesses? Or did the companies come to you and say, Hey, this is what we’re doing?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, it is a great question and there is an important line there because we really moved into the market with an appetite to support companies operating in the cannabis space and a really beneficial byproduct of ensuring venture funds that were making investments into marijuana related businesses and service providers to companies in that industry. And then of course, companies operating directly themselves as part of a cannabis supply chain is we kind of developed a reputation with insurance brokers of an insurance company, number one with a non-standard appetite, but also one that was willing to put its money where its mouth is, right? And that was a function of quoting and binding coverage for companies doing non-standard things. So to your question, I mean, I wish I could say back in 2019 that I knew psychedelics was going to be this really compelling thing to come around and provide potential solutions to people suffering from these really onerous and painful ailments.

But the beautiful part about us operating in the industry servicing an adjacent sector is that we then became aware of this growing opportunity from brokers that are saying, Hey, would you look at companies using psilocybin for this use or that use case and our objective or our natural response to that type of an inquiry is absolutely, we want to hear about it. And we try to curb our enthusiasm in the sense that just because we say we’re interested to a broker doesn’t mean we’re definitely going to ensure this company just because we hop on an underwriting call and we listen to the company leadership, explain to us how they’re positioning their products or their services, or maybe we get a look at an investor deck and we understand the types of investors they’re trying to raise capital from. That doesn’t necessarily mean we’re going to ensure that company, but it absolutely means we’re going to do our best to investigate, make informed risk selection decisions, and as long as we can get access to this information, we’re going to put our products in capacity behind it. And so that is, I think, a really interesting way that we came around to supporting companies in the psychedelic space.

TG Branfalt:

Can I ask what you say no to?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah. I mean, we say no to lack of information. We say no to, obviously, no, we don’t say yes to anything illegal, but when it comes to ensuring companies in these sectors, for us it’s almost like give us you’re tired, you’re meek, you’re humble, you’re poor, which is to say we anticipate that a lot of the companies that are trying to make headway in these industries are going to be early stage. A lot of ’em are not going to have detailed audited historical financials. A lot of them are going to have cash runways that are measured in months, not years. And our whole objective is we’re not looking for the most mature or the most liquid or a company that’s publicly listed versus privately held. We are looking for companies that are willing to give us access to the information that we need in order to make informed risk selection decision.

So really where we draw a hard line is if our underwriting review and the subsequent question and answers that inevitably precipitate through broker via email or video conference come to an abrupt halt, then we move on to the next risks. And because of that, we have insured companies that are going into bankruptcy or coming out of bankruptcy or are trying to raise a bridge round of funding to keep their company alive or trying to secure a regulatory approval that’s going to enable them to be commercially viable. And so yeah, where we stop is when the information stops flowing,

TG Branfalt:

How closely do you have to monitor state regulations, which change frequently? Does that have an impact on your sector at all?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah. Yeah, it does. I mean, when you think about something like directors and officers liability, that has, depending on the scope of coverage that can provide protection against regulatory enforcement actions. So when you look at the way that we can manage some of that exposure for, let’s say US companies operating in the cannabis spaces, there are a number of regulatory technology companies, reg tech companies that are bolting on to let’s say banks or other service providers that are enabling these companies to manage more programmatically in an automated fashion that they’re doing the appropriate things on a state by state basis to maintain compliance. And so we can leverage access to that technology in order to make much more efficient decisions on not just the current posture of how a company’s operating, but their ability to proactively monitor the impact of state by state changes in regulation.

TG Branfalt:

I will say when I booked this interview, I didn’t expect it to be so full of nuance and risk. I mean, quite frankly, and I’ve spoken to a lot of venture capital CEOs, firms, that sort of thing, and would it be safe to call you a venture insurance company because you’re doing something, you’re working with these startup companies, you’re doing all of these really unique sort of things that I think sort of put you in that category?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, it is an interesting way of looking at it. A venture insurance company, I think it’s fair from the standpoint that our starting point is a fairly well-defined thesis in support of companies operating in a particular manner. We have never looked at our movement into an innovative or emerging sector as a hit it and quit it type of strategy. It’s always been a function of is our commitment defined by a belief in what these companies are doing in a way that’s going to yield a sustainable industry that will enable us to scale products and top line revenue in a profitable manner? If the answer’s yes, then we are going to go deeper and broader into that sector with products and solutions and ideas, and that’s probably pretty consistent with the way that certain venture funds approach the way that they deploy capital in a particular sector.

TG Branfalt:

So finally, I want to ask you as a pick and shovel business as a company that really got in before many others, if not completely first mover, what advice do you have for businesses or entrepreneurs that are maybe in your position that are just sort of starting any business really, because I think that you might have an interesting perspective because there is a lot of risk in what you do.

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I think it could be summed up in two words. Radical transparency. If you are starting a business and you are thinking about building something that is sustainable and is scalable, you need to be prepared to be transparent about the foundation that you’re building that’s going to enable you to do something different than your peers in the market. I think. And if you take our appetite, for example, you can have a company that’s big generating a lot of revenue, but is clearly disorganized to the point where they can’t answer basic questions about their liquidity or their financial position, or they don’t have cap tables that are up to date in order to give us current information about who their shareholders are and to what degree, or if they don’t maintain current entity organizational structures to understand the growing complexity of their operations and organizational structure.

It becomes almost impossible to underwrite those types of companies. But if you’ve got a company that from the beginning is organizing themselves in a way that’s not bureaucratic and full of red tape, but is sensitive to the type of people that they’re bringing onto, their board is very particular about the way that they’re maintaining their financial reporting and is providing and building transparency around the overall operations and their service or product delivery, it is a massive differentiator, not just for an underwriter, but for investors looking to raise capital for counterparties, looking to engage in contracts. And so I think to me, no matter how innovative or emerging the thing is that you’re doing, you’re going to need to face counterparties. Those counterparties are going to have demands of disclosure that you may never have been prepared to provide at the beginning. And the sooner you can position your company and your leadership team to build that approach to radical transparency, I think it’s going to set you distinctly apart from your competitors in the market.

TG Branfalt:

That’s really some of the most, I think, profound sort of advice that I’ve never heard before in my seven years doing this show. So thank you for being so radically transparent. Joe, where can people find out more about you and more about realm insurance, get in touch with you, that sort of thing?

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, I mean, our website is realm insurance.com. You can go on there and learn more about where we’ve come from, where we’re headed, the types of products and services and solutions that we offer. And I think that’s really the best starting point. We have a lot of really smart, capable, creative people inside realm. We’ve got a full-time team of more than 75 people across five different countries now that all bring a really unique perspective on the sectors and the products that we support. So I think that’s really the best starting point for reaching out. We’re happy to have conversations with companies about how they’re positioned, what they’re trying to do, and if they ultimately need insurance, we’re always happy to pass ’em off to an insurance broker that we know is capable and competent of doing business in their sector.

TG Branfalt:

Awesome, man. That is Joel Ziolkowski, the CEO and founder of Rome Insurance, which offers insurance for the cannabis and psychedelic industries. Thank you so, so much for taking the time to have this conversation with me, really enlightening, really interesting, and I really do appreciate it. Thank you so much.

Joe Ziolkowski:

Yeah, thanks for having me. Great to be here.

TG Branfalt:

You can find more episodes of the ganjapreneur.com podcast and the podcast section of ganjapreneur.com and wherever you get your podcast. On the ganjapreneur.com website, you’ll find the latest cannabis news and cannabis jobs updated daily along with transcripts of this podcast. You can also download the entrepreneur.com app in iTunes and Google Play. This episode was engineered by Wayward Sound Studio. I’ve been your host, TG brand.

 

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